Urban Heat Islands (Analysis)

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🔆 Urban Heat Islands

✅ Urban Heat Islands (UHI) are urbanized areas that experience higher temperatures than outlying areas. 

✅ Structures such as buildings, roads, and other infrastructure absorb and re-emit the sun’s heat more than natural landscapes such as forests and water bodies. 

✅ Urban areas, where these structures are highly concentrated and greenery is limited,become “islands” of higher temperatures relative to outlying areas. 

✅ It increases the demand for energy, leads to increased greenhouse gases emissions, discomforts human health and even affects the health of flora and fauna.

▪️The major factors responsible for UHI 

✅ Anthropogenic heat  

discharges

✅ Absorption of heat

✅ Urban geometry

✅ Greenhouse effect

✅Lack of vegetation

 

▪️Measures that can be taken to countering UHIs

✅ Promoting natural vegetation

✅ Use of appropriate surface material

✅ Use of white pavement instead of Asphalt

✅Providing appropriate landscape

Population Education (analysis)

Population Education is an educational programme which provides for a study of the population situation of the family, the community, nation and world. 

 Objectives of Population Education are:  

•It helps to understand how family size can be controlled and can facilitate the development of a higher quality of life in the nation.  

•To develop an understanding of the influence of population trends on the various aspects of human life – social, cultural, political and economic;  

•It helps to understand that a small family size can contribute materially to the quality of living for the individual family.  

•To develop an understanding of scientific and medical advancement enabling to get an increasing control over famines, diseases.

Measures to achieve the objectives:  

•India was the first country to explicitly announce its Population policy in 1952. 

•The government launched the National Family planning program with the aim of controlling population growth in a socially desirable direction by reducing Total fertility 

 India is projected to become the most populous nation by 2027 overtaking China. This huge population can become a bane if not engaged properly. So, it is imperative for the policy makers to adopt population education initiatives to devise policies and educate people about them to ensure that this huge population remains as an asset.